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PCT FINAL-CARDIAC


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[Front]


cariogenic shock
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the inability of the heart to meet the metabolic needs of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion

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PCT FINAL-CARDIAC - Marcador

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PCT FINAL-CARDIAC - Detalles

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Cariogenic shock
The inability of the heart to meet the metabolic needs of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion
Myocardial infarction
Death and subsequent necrosis of the heart muscle caused by inadequate blood supply; also acute myocardial infarction. (AMI).
Angina
Chest pain that results that result when the blood supply oxygen demands exceed the hearts
Pulmonary edema
A condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs. This fluid collects in the numerous air sacs in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe
L sided heart failure
The L ventricle is not pumping effectively he this prevents your BODY from getting enough oxygen-rich blood. The blood backs up into your lungs
R sided heart failure
The R ventricle is not pumping blood to the lungs as well as normal.
Pulmonary embolism
Partial or full blockage of the pulmonary artery by a clot
Pulses paradoxes
Drop of greater than 10 mmHg in the systolic blood pressure during the inspiratory phase of respiration that occurs in patients with pericardial tamponade.
Pedal edema
The accumulation of fluid in the feet and lower legs
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
An enlarged area in the lower part of the aorta that supplies blood to the body
Cardiac electrical pathway
Travels from the sinus node to the AV node, impulses are slowed down for a very short period, then continue down the conduction pathway via the bundle of His into the ventricles
Hypertensive emergencies
Consider life/limb threats, acquire a 12 lead, secondary assessment of the chest, lungs, abdomen, neck and extremities
Deep vein thrombosis
Clot in the veins in the lower extremities
Varicose veins
Dilated superficial veins usually in the lower extremities
Pulses alternans
Alternating of the P, QRS and T waves on the ECG rhythm strip as the heart swings in a pendulum like fashion within the pericardial tissue
Cardiac ischemia
Reduced blood flow to the heart which results in the heart muscle's ability to pump blood
Chronotropy
Heart rate
Isotropy
Contractile strength of the heart
Dromotropy
Refers to rate of nerve impulse condition
Residual volume
On contraction, a certain volume is left behind in the left ventricle that is not part of the stroke volume
Ejection fraction
Amount ejected on contraction versus total left ventricular volume
End systolic volume
Volume pushed into the aortic arch at the end of systolic contraction
Pulse deficit
Difference between pulse that is auscultated over the heart and the peripheral pulse
Starlings law
The relationship between contractibility of the cardiac muscle and the amount of stretch placed on that muscle
Transmural infarction
Entire thickness of the myocardium is destroyed, there is a change in the Q wave
Subendocardial infarction
Only involves the subendocardial layer, no Q wave change
Cardiac risk factors
Smoking, alcohol, inactivity, nutrition, obesity, HTN, dietary fat, BGL, coke, type A personality, stress, oral birth control
Cardiac tamponade
Fluid buildup in the pericardium
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Short attacks of dyspnea that occur at night and interrupt sleep
Which of the following factors would predispose a patient to acute pulmonary embolism
Recent hip surgery, thrombophlebitis, arterial fibrillation, recent childbirth
Which of the following is true regarding management of the cardiac arrest patient(28:2-160)
Generally PCPs do not count pre-arrival interventions in their patient care You can do compressions during the charge cycle of a defibrillator Rhythm interpretations enroute require the ambulance be stopped first
Which of the following statements regarding termination of resuscitation efforts in the field is true
The paramedic should document all therapy performed. EMS should notify dispatch.. EMS personnel should consult with medical direction regarding termination efforts
Which of the following is typical of pericarditis?
Pain can last for hours and even days often have pleuritic pain, worse on inhalation made better by leaning forward made worse by lying flat, twisting
Which of the following statements regarding severe vascular ( a broad category) occlusion disorders are true?
Shock may occur the possible embolus could travel to the brain, resulting in cerebral vascular event ps with prior vascular emergency are prone to recurrences
Which of the following are typical causes of cardiac dysrhythmia?
Hypothermia metabolic acidosis myocardial ischemia
The classic signs of Right Ventricular Failure are:
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea jugular vein distension pulmonary edema peripheral edema pillow orthopnea extreme SOB with 1-2 word dyspnea absence of pulmonary edema
What kind of drugs decrease BP
ACE inhibitors diuretics beta blockers
According to the Frank-Starling's Law, nitroglycerine's effects should:
Decrease preload, decrease stroke volume, decrease cardiac output.
The most common causes of left ventricular failure are
MI chronic hypertension mitral valve regurgitation
Karri may not be the fastest runner but she does suffer from sudden (flash) pulmonary edema. Your BEST guess is that the following has occurred
Pulmonary hydrostatic pressure is high the pulmonary capillaries become permeable left sided heart failure has occurred
Re-Arrest: In the event a ROSC is achieved and the patient re-arrests en-route, Paramedics utilizing semi-automated defibrillators will adhere to the following sequence:
For sudden cardiac arrests that occur on scene or enroute, the patient should, in absence of unusual circumstances, be treated utilizing the full medical cardiac arrest medical directive
Choose the best answer. Which of the following criteria is required to meet the trauma TOR standard?
HR = 0 HR >0 with the closest ED >30 min transport time away. Pt >16
Choose the best answer. Per the Cardiac Arrest Standard, if the patient has a spontaneous return of circulation (ROSC) you should do which of the following:
Put the pt on a NRB @15 lpm if the patient remains apneic or respirations are inadequate obtain VS q15 minutes immediately after ROSC obtain VS q30 minutes if a change in patient status occurs continue cardiac monitoring
As per the new STEMI Hospital Bypass Protocol, which of the following are TRUE?
In suspected cardiac ischemia cases if the initial 12-lead ECG does not demonstrate ST-segment elevation then PCPs should repeat the 12-lead ECG. A recommended time/location for 12-lead acquisition is in the vehicle prior to leaving the scene A recommended time/location for 12-lead acquisition is in the vehicle prior to entering the receiving facility