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Psychology Paper 1


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natasha


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[Front]


what research support is there for minority influence?
[Back]


Moscovisci et al

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Psychology Paper 1 - Marcador

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Psychology Paper 1 - Detalles

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32 preguntas
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How did Milgram research obedience? (baseline)
By having a 'teacher' participant administer electric shocks each time a confederate 'learner' got an answer wrong, eventually reaching 450volts (lethal)
What were the findings of Milgram's baseline study?
65% of participants went to the lethal 450v, some resisted and showed extreme stress but still continued
Which research supports Milgram's baseline study?
'game of death' which 80% of pps delivered a lethal 460volts to participants on failure.
Why does Milgram's baseline study have low internal validity?
Participants didn't believe they were harming the learner, they were only responding to demand characteristics
Why does Milgram's baseline study have low population validity?
He only used male American participants, so it is not generalizable to other countries/genders. -supporting ev; Australian replica studies found 40% conformity in males and 15% in females
What results were found in Milgram's situational variables of obedience study?
Higher obedience on location due to shared legitimacy; drop in obedience on touch proximity & even lower at remote proximity; uniform encouraged higher obedience
What research is there to support Milgram's variation's of obedience study?
Bickham's uniform authority study - supports view uniform has effect on obedience
Why does Milgram's variation study have low internal validity?
Responded to demand characteristics, didn't believe they were harming the learner. Findings unclear whether results were valid.
Why does Milgram's variation study have low population validity?
Only male participants, Australian (40%M 15%F) research supports.
What characterises the authoritarian personality
Extreme obedience, unquestionable respect & submission, develops in childhood
Why is the dispositional explanation for obedience limited?
Can't explain a whole country's attitude (Germany); seems unlikely millions of people have same personality type
Why is the methodology involved in dispositional explanations for obedience flawed?
The f-scale's statements are all phrased in the same direction; participants guessed bias of questions.
What did Asch and Milgram find in their social support research?
Asch found participants dropped in conformity 35% - 5.5% when supported by confederates (line length study) Milgram found when joined by disagreeing confederates obedience dropped from 65% to 10%
What defines internal and external locus' of control?
Internals place control within themselves and are more likely to resist the need to conform, externals place control outside of themselves
What research support is there for Asch's research intro social resistance?
Allen & Levine - carried out same line experiment with dissenter with poor eyesight; participants were more likely to not comply
What research support is there for Milgram's research into social resistance?
Gamson et al found much higher resistance and put it down to people being in groups (had to put smear campaign together) 29/33 disobeyed.
Locus of control research support into social resistance?
Individuals with high LOC more likely to resist pressure to obey & Spector found internal LOC's were less likely to conform.
What 3 key aspects are required for minority influence?
Consistency, commitment & flexibility
What is the process of change?
The switch over from majority to minority after deeper processing / thought snowball effect