psych
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psych - Detalles
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Influences that our early experiences have on how we view the world. | Psychological vulnerabilities |
| Social anxiety disorder which is limited to certain situations that the sufferer perceives as requiring some type of performance. | SAD performance only |
| A condition marked by acute fear of social situations which lead to worry and diminished day to day functioning. | Social anxiety disorder (SAD) |
| How our experiences lead us to focus and channel our anxiety. | Specific vulnerabilities |
| The tendency to overestimate the relationship between a thought and an action, such that one mistakenly believes a “bad” thought is the equivalent of a “bad” action. | Thought-action fusion |
| The tendency by which a person infers the cause or meaning of behaviors or events. | Attributional style |
| Increased motor activity associated with restlessness, including physical actions (e.g., fidgeting, pacing, feet tapping, handwringing). | Psychomotor agitation |
| A slowing of physical activities in which routine activities (e.g., eating, brushing teeth) are performed in an unusually slow manner. | Psychomotor retardation |
| A person’s economic and social position based on income, education, and occupation. | Socioeconomic status (SES) |
| Recurring thoughts about suicide, including considering or planning for suicide, or preoccupation with suicide. | Suicidal ideation |
| A reduction in the drive or ability to take the steps or engage in actions necessary to obtain the potentially positive outcome. | Anhedonia/amotivation |
| Speech that is difficult to follow, either because answers do not clearly follow questions or because one sentence does not logically follow from another. | Disorganized speech |
| A reduction in the display of emotions through facial expressions, gestures, and speech intonation. | Flat affect |
| The ability to engage in self-care (cook, clean, bathe), work, attend school, and/or engage in social relationships. | Functional capacity |
| Processes that influence how the brain develops either in utero or as the child is growing up. | Neurodevelopmental |
| The speed with which an individual can perceive auditory or visual information and respond to it. | Processing speed |
| The ability to maintain information over a short period of time, such as 30 seconds or less. | Working memory |
| A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy. | Narcissistic |
| A pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency. | Obsessive-compulsive |
| When personality traits result in significant distress, social impairment, and/or occupational impairment. | Personality disorders |
| A therapeutic approach designed to foster nonjudgmental observation of one’s own mental processes. | Acceptance and commitment therapy |
| Thoughts that occur spontaneously; often used to describe problematic thoughts that maintain mental disorders. | Automatic thoughts |
| Using exercises (e.g., computer games) to change problematic thinking habits. | Cognitive bias modification |
| A family of approaches with the goal of changing the thoughts and behaviors that influence psychopathology. | Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) |
| Describes a state of having more than one psychological or physical disorder at a given time. | Comorbidity |
| A treatment often used for borderline personality disorder that incorporates both cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness elements. | Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) |
| A perspective in DBT that emphasizes the joint importance of change and acceptance. | Dialectical worldview |
| A form of intervention in which the patient engages with a problematic (usually feared) situation without avoidance or escape. | Exposure therapy |
| Also called integrative psychotherapy, this term refers to approaches combining multiple orientations (e.g., CBT with psychoanalytic elements). | Integrative or eclectic psychotherapy |
| Also called integrative psychotherapy, this term refers to approaches combining multiple orientations (e.g., CBT with psychoanalytic elements). | Integrative or eclectic psychotherapy |
| A form of psychotherapy grounded in mindfulness theory and practice, often involving meditation, yoga, body scan, and other features of mindfulness exercises. | Mindfulness-based therapy |
| A therapeutic approach focused on creating a supportive environment for self-discovery. | Person-centered therapy |
| Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic approach focusing on resolving unconscious conflicts. | Psychoanalytic therapy |
| Treatment applying psychoanalytic principles in a briefer, more individualized format. | Psychodynamic therapy |
| The process of identifying, evaluating, and changing maladaptive thoughts in psychotherapy. | Reappraisal, or Cognitive restructuring |
| In person-centered therapy, an attitude of warmth, empathy and acceptance adopted by the therapist in order to foster feelings of inherent worth in the patient. | Unconditional positive regard |
| Constructing utterances to suit the audience’s knowledge. | Audience design |
| Words and expressions. | Lexicon |
| A stimulus presented to a person reminds him or her about other ideas associated with the stimulus. | Priming |
| The hypothesis that the language that people use determines their thoughts. | Sapir-Whorf hypothesis |
| A mental representation of an event, object, or situation constructed at the time of comprehending a linguistic description. | Situation model |
| The hypothesis that the human brain has evolved, so that humans can maintain larger ingroups. | Social brain hypothesis |
| Networks of social relationships among individuals through which information can travel. | Social networks |
| An experimental procedure that assesses whether a perceiver recognizes that another person has a false belief—a belief that contradicts reality. | False-belief test |
| People’s natural explanations for why somebody did something, felt something, etc. (differing substantially for unintentional and intentional behaviors). | Folk explanations of behavior |
| Two people attending to the same object and being aware that they both are attending to it. | Joint attention |
| A personality trait that reflects a person’s tendency to be careful, organized, hardworking, and to follow rules. | Conscientiousness |