International Business second part
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International Business second part - Marcador
International Business second part - Detalles
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Preguntas:
167 preguntas
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| Advantages accruing to the first to enter a market ex. capture demand by establishing a strong brand name | First-mover advantages |
| Disadvantages associated with entering a foreign market before other international businesses | First-mover disadvantages |
| Agreement in which a licensor grants the rights to intangible property to the licensee for a specified period and receives a royalty fee in return | Licensing agreement |
| A cooperative undertaking between two or more firms | Joint venture |
| A subsidiary in which the firm owns 100 percent of the stock | Wholly owned subsidiary |
| A firm building a subsidiary from the ground up in another country | Greenfield strategy |
| The most risky type of direct investment, whereby a company builds a subsidiary from scratch in a foreign country | Greenfield venture |
| A decision that has a long-term impact and is difficult to reverse, such as entering a foreign market on a large scale | Strategic commitment |
| 1. Exporting 2. Turnkey projects 3. Licensing 4. Franchising 5. Joint ventures 6. Wholly owned subsidiary | What are the six different modes to enter a foreign market? |
| 1. Which markets to enter? 2. When to enter those markets? 3. On what scale? | Three basic decisions a firm must contemplate before foreign expansion. |
| Firm skills that competitors cannot easily match or imitate | Core Competence |
| Cost advantages associated with large-scale production | Economies of Scale |
| Cost savings from learning by doing | Learning Effects |
| Cost advantages from performing a value creation activity at the optimal location for that activity | Location economies |
| A ratio or rate of return concept | Profitability |
| The percentage increase in net profits over time | Profit Growth |
| Plan to exploit experience-based cost and location economies, transfer core competencies with the firm, and pay attention to local responsivness | Transnational Strategy |
| Needs that are the same all over the world, such as steel, bulk chemicals, and industrial electronics | Universal Needs |
| Trying to create a value by transferring core competencies to foreign markets where indigenous competitors lack those comepetencies | International Strategy |
| Cost advantages associated with using specialized competencies across different product lines and businesses | Economies of scope |
| The flow of skills and product offerings from foreign subsidiary to home country and from foreign subsidiary to foreign subsidiary | Global learning |
| Cooperative agreements between two or more firms | Strategic alliances |
| Giving away a technological know-howand market access to its alliance partner in return for very little | Disadvantage of Strategic alliances |
| Partner selection, alliance structure, managing the alliance | Making Alliances work |
| Sites for fundamentals research located in regions where valuable scientifing knowledge is being created; where teams develop the basic technologies that become new products | Basic research centres |
| Number of intermediaries that a product has to go through before it reaches the final consumer | Channel length |
| A few retailers supply most of the market | Concentrated retail system |
| Extent to which the place of manufacture influences product evaluations | Country of origin effect |
| Distribution channel that outsiders find difficult to access | Exclusive distribution channel |
| Many retailers, with no single one having a major share of the market | Fragmented retail system |
| Identyfing groups of consumers whose purchasing behaviour differs from others in important ways | Market segmentation |
| Occurs when a pricing strategy in one market may have an impact on a rival's pricing strategy in another market | Multipoint pricing |
| Measure of how responsive demand for a product is to changes to price | Price elasticity of demand |
| When the receiver of the message evaluates the message based on the status or image of the sender | Source effect |
| A political system in which political power is monopolized by a party, group, or individual that governs according to religious principles. | Theocratic Totalitarianism |
| A political system in which a party, group, or individual that represents the interests of a particular tribe (ethnic group) monopolizes political power. | Tribal Totalitarianism |
| International agreement to protect intellectual property, signed by 187 countries | Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property |
| Set certain safety standards to which a product must adhere. | Product Safety Laws |
| Involves holding a firm and its officers responsible when a product causes injury, death, or damage. | Product Liablity |
| U.S. law regulating behavior regarding the conduct of international business in the taking of bribes and other unethical actions. | Foreign Corrupt Practices Act |
| Set of rules governing certain aspects of the making and performance of commercial contracts between sellers and buyers who have their places of businesses in different nations. | United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CIGS) |
| Body of law that governs contract enforcement. | Contract Law |
| A system of law based on religious teachings. | Theocratic Law |
| A version of collectivism advocating that socialism can be achieved only through a totalitarian dictatorship. | Communist Totalitarianism |
| A political system in which citizens periodically elect individuals to represent them in government. | Representative Democracy |
| Those committed to achieving socialism by democratic means. | Social Democrats |
| Those who believe socialism can be achieved only through revolution and totalitarian dictatorship. | Communists |
| Someone who believes in public ownership of the means of production for the common good of society. | Socialist |
| System of government in a nation. | Political System |
| Political, economic, and legal systems of a country. | Political Economy |
| Advantages accruing to the first to enter a market | First-mover advantages |
| Attempt by the United Nations to assess the impact of a number of factors on the quality of human life in a country | Human Development Index (HDI) |
| Development of new products, processes, organizations, management practises, and strategies | Innovation |
| Handicap experienced by being a late entrant in a market | Late mover disadvantages |