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Health Assessment


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Catherine Mayo


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[Front]


abnormal alignment of one or both eyes; cross eye, squint eye
[Back]


strabismus

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Health Assessment - Marcador

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Health Assessment - Detalles

Niveles:

Preguntas:

134 preguntas
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Cataracts; corneal opacity; retinal blastoma
3 conditions that obstruct the Red Reflex
Acute otitis media (AOM)
TM: absent or distorted light reflex
Seborrheic Keratosis
Dark, greasy, and "stuck on" raise area of hyperpigmentation
Actinic (Senile) Keratosis
Red-tan scaly plaques that increase over the years to become raised and roughened
Acrochordons
"skin tags" overgrowths of normal skin that form a stalk and are polyp-like
Sebaceous hyperplasia
Raised yellow papules with a central depression
Petechiae
Tiny punctate hemorrahages 1 to 3mm, round and discrete, dark red, purple or brown in color
Purpura
Confluent extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymoses >3mm, flat, red to puruple, macular hemorrhage
Ecchymosis
Purplish patch resulting form extravasation of blood into the skin >3mm in diameter
Contusion
Bruise
Measles (rubeola)
Red-purple maculopapular blotchy rash on third or fourth day of illness; +Koplik spots (white grains of salt on buccal mucosa)
German measles (rubella)
Paler pink, papular rash, first appears on face then spreads; +lymphadenopathy and absence of Koplik spots
Chickenpox (varicella)
Small, tight vesicles first appear on trunk and spread to face, arms, legs (not palms or soles)
Macule
Solely a color change, flat and circumcised of <1cm
Papule
Something you can feel, caused by a superficial thickening in epidermis <1 cm
Patch
Macules larger than 1cm
Plaque
Papules coalesce to form surface elevation greater than 1cm
Nodule
Solid, elevated, hard or soft, larger than 1cm, may extend deeper into dermis than papule
Tumor
Larger than a few centimeters, firm or soft, deeper into dermis, may be benign or malignant
Wheal
Superficial, raised, transient and erythematous; irregular shape from edema
Urticaria (hives)
Wheals coalesce to form extensive reaction, intensely pruritic
Vesicle
Elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to 1 cm
Bulla
Larger than 1 cm fluid filled single chambered
Cyst
Encapsulated fluid-filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer, tensely elevating skin
Pustule
Turbid fluid (pus) in the cavity, circumscribed, elevated
Crust (secondary)
Thickened, dried out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst or dry up
Scale (secondary)
Compact, desiccated flakes of skin, dry or greasy, silvery or white, from shedding of dead excess keratin cells
Fissure (secondary)
Linear crack with abrupt edges
Erosion (secondary)
Scooped out but shallow depression
Ulcer (secondary)
Deeper depression extending into dermis, irregular shape, may bleed, leaves scar when it heals
Excoriation (secondary)
Self-inflicted abrasion, superficial
Scar (secondary)
After a skin lesion is repairs, normal tissue is lost and replaced with connective tissue (Collagen)
Atrophic scar
Resulting skin level depressed with loss of tissue
Lichenification
Prolonged, intense scratching eventually thickens skin and produces tightly packed set of papules
Nevus flammeus (port-wine stain)
Large, flat, macular patch covering face or scalp frequently along distribution of cranial nerve V
Strawberry mark (immature hemangioma)
Raised bright red area of well defined borders about 2-3cml does not blanch, consists of imamture capillaries, usually disappears by age 5-7
Cavernous hemangioma (mature)
Reddish-blue, irregularly shaped, solid, and spongy mass of blood vessels
Telangiectasia
Caused by vascular dilation; permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels visible on skin surface
Spider or star angioma
Fiery red star-shaped marking with solid circular center
Venous lake
Blue-purple dilation of venules and capillaries in a star-shaped, linear or flaring pattern
Diaper dermatitis
Red, moist, maculopapular patch with poorly defined boarders in perineal area along inguinal and gluteal folds
Intertrigo
Scalding red, moist patches with sharply demarcated borders, some loose scales; +candidiasis
Impetigo
Moist, thin-roofed vesicles with thin, erythematous base; rupture to form erosions and thick, honey-colored crusts; highly contagious bacterial infection can easily spread
Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Chronic inflammatory skin lesion caused by overstimulated immune system, genetic changes in skin, and environmental triggers
Primary contact dermatitis
Local inflammatory reaction to an irritant in the environment of an allergy
Allergic drug reaction
Erythematous and symmetric rash, usually generalized
Tinea corporis
"ringworm of body," scales hyperpigmented in whites, depigmented in dark-skinned people
Tinea pedis
"ringworm of foot" or "athlete's foot," fungal infection, first appears as small vesicles between toes, on sides of feet, and on soles, grows scaly and hard
Herpes zoster (shingles)
Small, grouped vesicles emerge along route of cutaneous sensory nerve, then pustules then crusts
Basal cell carcinoma
Usually starts as small, pink or red papule with pearly translucent top overlying a telangiectasia (broken blood vessel) then develops rounded pearly borders with central red ulcer
Squamous cell carcinoma
Erythematous scaly patch with sharp margins, 1 cm or more, develops central ulcer and surrounding erythema, usually on hands or head, areas exposed to UV radiating
Malignant melanoma
Usually brown, tan, black, pink-red, purple or mixed pigmentation
Paronychia
Red, swollen, tender inflammation fo the nail folds
Beau line
Transverse furrow or groove, depression across the nail that extends down to the nail bed
Harlequin color change
Baby is in a side lying position and lower half of body turns red and upper half blanches with a distinct demarcation line down the midline
Angular cheilitis
Erythema, scaling, shallow and painful fissues at corners of mouth, occur with excessive salivation
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Cold sores; clear vesicles with surrounding indurated eythematous base evolving into pustules which rupture and weep and crust; highly contagious and spread by direct contact
Candidiasis (oral)
Thrush in a newborn; white "cheesy" curdlike patches that scratch off, leaving a raw, red surface