General Physiology Lecture
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General Physiology Lecture - Marcador
General Physiology Lecture - Detalles
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Ten major systems compose the human body? | Digestive Respiratory Urogenital Nervous Cardiovascular Lymphatic Endocrine Reproductive Skeletal Muscular |
| Biological sciences dealing with the normal life phenomena exhibited by all living organisms. | Physiology |
| Explain the physical and chemical factors that are responsible for the origin, development and progression of life. | Goal of Physiology |
| Physiology (Greek): The study of ____, the involvement of _____, and ______. | Nature, physics, chemistry |
| Physiology; the basis for: | Pharmacology Pathophysiology Immunology Biochemistry Microbiology |
| Body organization (in order) | Atom => Molecule/Compound => Organelle => Cell => Tissue => Organ => Organ system => Organism |
| True/False: Human Characteristics: Has small, well-developed brain. | False. Humans have a large, well-developed brain. |
| True/False: Human Characteristics: Has a stereoscopic vision; depth perception or 2D image. | False. Depth perception or 3D image. |
| How does Descriptive Terminology studied? | Anatomical position, directional terms, clinical procedures (observation, palpation, percussion, auscultation, reflex-response tests) |
| Taxon: Kingdom; Designated Group: | Animalia; Characteristics: Eukaryotic cells w/o cell walls & photosynthetic pigments |
| How does Descriptive Terminology studied? | Anatomical position, directional terms, clinical procedures (observation, palpation, percussion, auscultation, reflex-response tests) |
| Taxon: Phylum; Designated Group: | Chordata; Characteristics: Dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal pouches |
| Taxon: Subphylum; Designated Group: | Vertebrata; Characteristics: Vertebral column |
| Taxon: Class; Designated Group: | Mammalia; Characteristics: Mammary glands, hairs |
| Taxon: Order; Designated Group: | Primates; Characteristics: Well-developed brain, prehensile hands |
| Taxon: Family; Designated Group: | Hominidae; Characteristics: Large cerebrum, bipedal movement |
| Taxon: Genus; Desginated Group: | Homo; Characteristics: Flat face, prominent chin, nose w/ nostrils |
| Taxon: Species epithet; Designated Group: | Sapiens; Characteristics: Largest cerebrum |
| How does Descriptive Terminology studied? | Anatomical position, directional terms, clinical procedures (observation, palpation, percussion, auscultation, reflex-response tests) |
| Standardized method of observing or imaging the body | - Body upright - Standing erect facing the observer - Head and eyes facing forward - Feet are flat on the floor and forward - Upper limbs to the sides - Palms turned forward |
| Imaginary vertical plant passing through the center of the body, dividing it into eqwual right and left halves. | Median Sagittal Plane (lengthwise) |
| Imaginary plane that passes through the body from side to side and divides it in to two (not necessarily equal) sections, one anterior and one posterior parts. | Coronal Planes (frontal planes) |
| Imaginary horizontal plane that passes through the body from the middle divides the body into superior and inferior parts. | Axial or Transverse Planes (horizontal) |
| Directional terms | Answer |
| In front of; toward the front surface. | Anterior (ventral) |
| In back of; toward the back surface | Posterior (dorsal) |
| Toward the head or above | Superior (cranial) |
| Toward feet not head | Inferior (caudal) |
| Away from the midline of the body | Internal/deep |
| Toward the surface of the body | External/superficial |
| Related to the internal organs | Visceral |
| Related to the body walls | Parietal |
| On the inside | Deep |
| On the outside | Superficial |
| Near from root of the body | Proximal |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| 2 basic types of body membranes | 1. Mucous 2. Serous |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| True/False: Mesenteries are single folds of peritoneum that connect the parietal to visceral peritoneum. | False. They have double folds of peritoneum. |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| The two main cavities are called? | Ventral and dorsal cavities |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| Ventral cavity is larger than dorsal cavity | True. Ventral cavity is subdivided into two parts (thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities) by the diaphragm, a dome-shaped respiratory muscle. |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| What contains the Thoracic cavity (upper ventral)? | Heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, large blood vessels, nerves |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| What contains the Abdominal "abdominopelvic" cavity (lower ventral cavity)? | Most of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, adrenal glands |
| The abdominal cavity is bound _____ by the diaphragm, _____ by the body wall, and _____ by the pelvic cavity. | Cranially, laterally, caudally |
| What contains the Pelvic cavity (lower ventral cavity)? | Most of the urogenital system, rectum |
| The pelvic cavity is bounded _____ by the abdominal cavity, _____ by the sacrum, and _____ by the pelvis. | Cranially, dorsally, laterally |
| What contains the Dorsal cavity? | Organs lying more posterior in the body |
| Two portions of dorsal cavity? | 1. Upper portion (cranial cavity) 2. Lower portion (vertebral canal) |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the brain | Upper portion/Cranial cavity |
| What portion of dorsal cavity: Houses the spinal cord | Lower portion/Vertebral canal |
| Physiology can be divided into: | Viral Physiology Bacterial Physiology Cellular Physiology Plant Physiology Human Physiology |
| The father of modern physiology | Claude Bernard |
| How do cells in human body support their vital activities? | Through respiration, excretion, growth, transportation, eating, reproduction |
| 1. Majority inside the cells 2. 1/3 outside the cells 3. ECF contains a. Intracellular fluid (ICF) b. Ions and nutrients c. Extracellular fluid (ECF) | 1. a. 2. c. 3. b. |
| Is the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in wither the external environment or the internal environment | Homeostasis (homeo = the same) |
| Coined the term "homeostasis" | Walter Cannon |
| The process of adjustment (called homeostatic regulation) involves: | 1. A receptor 2. Afferent Pathway / Sensory neuron 3. Integrating / control center 4. Efferent Pathway / Motor neuron 5. Effector |
| Receives and processes information from the receptor | Control center |