Endocrine
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Endocrine - Marcador
Endocrine - Detalles
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49 preguntas
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Glands>hormones>effect Control and communication system -co-ordinates -growth and development -regulates (homeostasis) -integrates -metabolism | Endocrine System (5 points) |
| An organ or specialised group of epithelial derived tissue that synthesises and secretes hormones | Glands |
| -Chemical messengers -bind to specific receptors on target cells -synthesised and secreted by glands and specialised cells (including some neurons) | Hormones (3 points) |
| Steroid Hormones Protein hormones | Hormones Types (2) |
| Derived from cholesterol e.g. Thyroid, testosterone | Steroid Hormones (Derived from and example) |
| Derived from amino acids e.g. adrenaline, noradrenaline, angiotensin, insulin and glucagon | Protein Hormones Dervided from and example |
| -Hypothalamus -pituitary gland -thyroid gland -parathyroid gland -thymus gland -adrenal glands -kidneys -adipose tissue -ovaries/testes | List of Glands/organs involved in Endocrine system (10) |
| Controls and number of other endocrine organs: “master gland” e.g. growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) | Pituitary gland |
| -endocrine gland -4 in the body (dorsal side, back of thyroid gland) -in low calcium levels, produces PTH | Parathyroid Gland |
| -Gland in the digestive system -responds to nutrient ingestion by release of hormones -endocrine and exocrine cells within pancreas -endocrine cells produce hormones | Pancreas (4 points) |
| -No insulin produced -early onset -10% of diabetes cases | Type 1 Diabetes (3 points) |
| -cells become resistant to insulin -90% of diabetes cases | Type 2 diabetes (2 points) |
| Fasting <6.1 mmol/L Non-fasting <7.8 mmol/L | Blood Glucose concentrations- Healthy |
| Fasting ≥7 mmol/L Non-fasting ≥11.1 mmol/L | Blood Glucose concentrations- Diabetic |
| -from the kidneys -Stimulates stem cells to create RBC during hypoxia (to increase oxygen carrying capacity) | Erythropoietin |
| Erythropoietin, renin (enzyme) , Calcitriol | Renal Hormones |
| Increases blood pressure | Angiotensin II |
| Study of hormones | Endocrinology |
| Work all round the body. Travel in the blood. | Endocrine Hormones |
| Work locally to where they are produced | Paracrine hormones. |
| Work within a small distance of where they are produced (same cell, or next-door cell) | Autocrine hormones |
| -Outer layer of adrenal glands -Stimulated by ACTH -Steroids (e.g. cortisol and aldosterone) made here | Adrenal Cortex |
| “control centre” of the endocrine system makes ADH and oxytocin controls pituitary gland | Hypothalamus |
| Regulates blood volume/fluid | Aldosterone |
| Makes catecholamines | Adrenal Medulla |
| E.g. Adrenaline and noradrenaline | Catecholamines |
| Flow of energy throughout the body | Metabolism |