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Chapter 9 Hygiene and Care of the Patient's Environment


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Mikayla Delenia


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[Front]


Axilla
[Back]


Underarm/armpit

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Chapter 9 Hygiene and Care of the Patient's Environment - Marcador

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Chapter 9 Hygiene and Care of the Patient's Environment - Detalles

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Preguntas:

49 preguntas
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Axilla
Underarm/armpit
Bedpan
Device for receiving feces or urine from either male or female patients confined to bed
Canthus
Corner of eye
Circumorbital
Circular area around they eye
Dentures
Set of artificial teeth not permanently fixed or implanted
Febrile
Condition characterized by an elevated body temperature
Hygiene
Principles of health
Labia majora/minora
Majora: Larger fold/lip Minora: Smaller fold/lip
Medical asepsis
"clean technique" Inhibits growth and spread of disease producing microorganisms
Oral hygiene
Care of the oral cavity
Pathogenic
Disease producing
Perineal care
Care of the genitalia area
Personal hygiene
Self-care measures people use to maintain health and prevent disease
Prone
Lying face down
Range of Motion (ROM)
Normal movement that any given joint is capable of making
Sims position
Side lying position
Supine
Lying face up
Syncope
Fainting
Umbilicus
The depressed point in the middle of the abdomen
Urnial
A device for collecting urine from male patients Urinals for females are also available
Vasoconstriction/vasodilation
Constriction: Narrowing of blood vessels, decreased blood flow Dilation: Dilation of blood vessels, increased blood flow
Vertigo
Dizziness
Recommended room temperature
68F (20C) to 74F (23C)
Why is good ventilation necessary?
To keep stale air and odors from lingering
Factors that influence a patient's personal hygiene
Body image Cultural variables Knowledge Personal preference Physical condition Social practices Socioeconomic status
What are different bed positions used for?
Used to promote lung expansion, postural drainage, and other interventions
Full side rails are considered to be what?
A form of restraint in a long-term care setting
Fowlers/High fowlers
Head of bed raised to 45 degree angle up to 90 degrees Semi sitting to full upright sitting position Used for eating/drinking to prevent aspiration and to promote full lung expansion
Semi/Low fowlers
Head of bed raised approx. 30 degrees Used for patients who cannot tolerate fowler's/high fowler's or position is ordered after lumbar puncture
Trendelenburg's
Entire bed tilted downward toward head of bed Facilitates removal of secretions with postural drainage, venous return in patients with poor peripheral circulation, sometimes used to aid in dilation of large vessels for central line placement
Reverse trendelenburg's
Entire bed frame tilted downward toward foot of bed Not commonly used; promotes gastric emptying and prevents esophageal reflux, Facilitates arterial circulation to lower extremities
Flat
Bed is parallel with floor Used for vertebral injuries, immediately after lumbar puncture, and in cervical traction Preferred by patients for sleeping
Explain a cool water tub bath
An option to relieve tension or lower body temp Water temp is tepid, 98.6F (37C) Cold water should not be used-causes chilling and shivering
Explain a warm water tub bath
Used to reduce muscle tension Water temp. is approx. 110F (43C)
Explain a hot water tub bath
Relieves muscle soreness and muscle spasms Not recommended for children Proper water temp. for adults = 113F (45C) to 115F (46C)
Explain a sitz bath
Cleanses and aids in reducing inflammation of perineal and anal areas
Describe skin care data collection
Good turgor (elastic/firm); generally smooth and soft Intact without abrasions Localized changes in texture across surface Skin color variants from body part to body part Warm/moist
Good nursing interventions involved with pressure ulcers and pressure injuries can result in what?
Optimal healing of impaired skin without complications Decrease in patient's discomfort Decrease in length of stay at facility Decrease in cost of ongoing care
Shearing force
Tissue layers of skin slide on each other causing subcutaneous blood vessels to kink or stretch and resulting in an interruption of blood flow to the skin
Friction
Rubbing of skin against another surface produces friction which may remove layers of tissue
Stages of pressure injury development
1. Localized area of skin, typically over a bony prominence, that is intact with non-blanchable redness 2. Partial thickness, loss of dermis, looks like blister 3. Full thickness tissue loss, subcutaneous fat is sometimes visible -Hardest layer to heal due to lack of capillaries 4. Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, cartilage or muscle
Suspected deep tissue pressure injury
Wound appears as a localized purple or maroon area of discolored intact skin or a blood filled blister
Explain what heat and cold applications are used for
Heat: provide comfort and speed healing Cold: Decrease swelling and reduce pain
What are warm soaks used for?
Increase circulation to the affected area, reduce edema, aid in the debridement of wounds, relax muscles, and can be used to apply medical solution to large areas Temp. 105F (40.5C) to 110F (43C)
What are cold compresses used for?
Used to treat inflammation and prevent edema Can be either clean or sterile Apply for 20 min at 59F (15C)
What can ice packs be used for?
Reduce edema formation, bleeding, provide an anesthetic effect to areas of hemorrhage and hematoma formation, for patients who have undergone dental surgery
Anticoagulant therapy
Meds that increase the tendency to bleed