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level: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION OF DRUGS PART 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION OF DRUGS PART 2

QuestionAnswer
Synthetic antibiotic in which the beta lactam ring is not infused with another ring to avoid the effects of penicillinaseMonobactam
Monobactam examplesAztreonam
They have low toxicity and they don’t have any cross sensitivity with penicillin Effective for gram-negative bacteria only, including Pseudomonas spp, E. coli. And NeisseriaAztreonam
Beta lactam ring replaces the sulfur atoms with carbon atomsCarbapenems
In carbapenems, the carbon atom is cleaved by ___dehydropeptidase
Examples of carbapenem drugs1 Thienamycin 2 Meropenem 3 Imipenem (BROAD SPECTRUM)
Enzyme found in the kidney Responsible for degrading the antibiotic Imipenem, Thienamycin, MeropenemDehydropeptidase
To protect Thienamycin, Meropenem, Imipenem with dehydropeptidase, they are combined withCilastatin
They have beta lactam ring attached to dihydrothiazine ring They differ from other inhibitors of cell wall because they are resistant to penicillinase and more effective against gram negative bacteria than penicillinCephalosporins
The nucleus of cephalosporin is calledAminocephalosporanic acid
What drug cant be taken with alcoholic drinks? Because if combined, it will cause __Cephalosporins, Disulfiram like reaction
Major hangover symptoms Nausea, vomiting, flashing, dizziness, throbbing headache, chest and abdominal discomfortDisulfiram reaction
1st Generation Cephalosporin1 Cephalexin 2 Cephradine 3 Cefadroxil 4 Cephapirin 5 Cefazolin
2nd Generation Cephalosporin1 Cefaclor 2 Loracarbef 3 Cefprozil 4 Cefamandole 5 Cefonicid 6 Ceforanide 7 Cefoxitin 8 Cefotetan 9 Cefmetazole 10 Cefuroxime 11 Cefpodoxime
3rd Generation Cephalosporin1 Cefixime 2 Cefoperazone 3 Cefotaxime 4 Ceftibuten 5 Ceftizoxime 6 Ceftriaxone 7 Ceftazidime 8 Moxolactam
4th & 5th Generation Cephalosporin4th Gen Cefepime Cefpirome 5th Gen Ceftaroline Ceftobipole
Usually recommended particularly for the treatment of Urinary tract infectionsCephalexin
Most common in 3rd gen cephalosporinCefixime (Orally)
Polypeptide Antibiotics types1 Bacitracin 2 Vancomycin 3 Teixobactin
they inhibit mucopeptide cell wall synthesis of gram positive bacteriaBacitracin
Given as the last line of antibiotic defense for the treatment of staph that are resistant to other antibiotics A glycopeptide type Penicillinase resistant and effective against gram positive bacteriaVancomycin
MRSA has led to the appearance of another resistant type calledVancomycin resistant enteroccoci or VRE
This is the drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis caused by clyndamycinVancomycin
If there is a rapid infusion of vancomycin it will cause __. To prevent this, the patient is given __ and slow IV infusionRedman’s Syndrome, diphenhydramine
__ represents a new class of antibiotics called __Teixobactin, Acyldepsipeptide
Teixobactin is produced by a soil bacterium called __Eleftheria terrae